Types of 金融援助

Most federal student aid is need-based, taking into account an expected family contribution (EFC). Need-based financial aid comes in three basic types:

奖助金 and 奖学金, which are considered gift aid and generally don't have to be paid back (sometimes a repayment is 要求 if a student withdraws);
勤工助学, which is money that you earn by working part-time while in school; and
贷款, which are funds that you (or your parent) borrow and must be paid back, usually after you leave school.

The following chart details the main federal student aid 程序s administered by the U.S. Department of Education. Not all schools participate in all of the 程序s listed.

程序	描述	应用程序	Annual/Aggregate Amounts	资格*	需要还款
联邦佩尔格兰特	格兰特程序	FAFSA 要求每年	Annual minimum and maximum vary $336 minimum for 2021-22 $6,495 maximum for 2021-22 600%寿命限制	Undergraduate students without first baccalaureate or professional degree Certain students enrolled in a post-baccalaureate teaching certification 程序基于需要	No
Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity 格兰特 (FSEOG)	Campus-based grant 程序; funds awarded by Institution	FAFSA 要求每年	每年最少$200 $4,000 annual maximum (students on approved study abroad 程序s may receive up to $4,400) 没有总量限制	Undergraduate students without baccalaureate or professional degree First priority given to 联邦佩尔格兰特 recipients with “exceptional financial need” (defined by law)	No
Federal 勤工助学 (FWS)	Campus-based employment 程序; funds awarded by Institution	FAFSA 要求每年	没有最小值或最大值 Award amount is dictated by school policy	Undergraduate and graduate students 基于需要	No
Federal Direct Student Loan (Direct Loan)—Subsidized and Unsubsidized 贷款**	Direct Loan funds from federal government; fixed interest rate	FAFSA 要求每年; MPN obtained from Direct Loan school	$3,500 1st year undergraduates $4,500 2nd year undergraduates Annual limits prorated for 程序s and remaining periods of enrollment less than an academic year $23,000 subsidized undergraduate aggregate limit $2,000 limit for dependent students (unsubsidized) $6,000 limit for independent (unsubsidized) 57500美元的联合潜艇 & unsub undergraduate aggregate limit	Undergraduate enrolled at least half-time Must first have determination of eligibility/ineligibility for 联邦佩尔格兰特 Must determine eligibility for subsidized Loan before determining eligibility for unsubsidized Loan Interest subsidy based on need Unsubsidized funds may be used to replace EFC	Yes; begins 6 months after cessation of at least half-time enrollment; deferment possible; no interest subsidy on unsubsidized loan
FFEL /直接加上* *	FFEL funds from private lenders; Direct Loan funds from federal government; 8.5% fixed interest rate for FFEL PLUS and 7.9% fixed interest rate for Direct Loan PLUS	FAFSA 要求每年; PLUS MPN obtained from FFEL school or lender or from Direct Loan school	No annual or aggregate amounts, except parent or graduate/professional student may not borrow more than difference between cost of attendance and other financial assistance student expects to received	Natural and adoptive parents (and stepparents if included on FAFSA) of eligible dependent undergraduates enrolled at least half time and graduate/professional students No adverse credit history Must not be in default on a federal loan 一定是U.S. citizen or eligible noncitizen May be used to replace EFC	Yes; begins 60 days after fully disbursed